The Batman, By Hannah Pamplico Raiders - 965 Words

The 2014 Hannah-Pamplico Raiders although, they battled much adversity, came out to be one of the greatest teams to wear a Raider uniform. From winning a great season opener, and then going on a horrific losing streak. Also dealing with the death of a teammate’s brother, battled threw to win the region championship. The 2014 Raiders defined what it meant to become a team and that if you keep your faith high then you can achieve any goal. In the summer of 2014, The Hannah-Pamplico raiders, coming off a dismantling 0-10 season have got there 3rd head coach in less than four years. Some of the players excited, others a little unsure about what he will bring. His name, Al Calcutt he comes from the powerhouse of Cavers Bay. With state championships and head coaching experience, looks like a great fit to turn the Raiders around. The Raiders finish the summer workouts and are looking to the first game against Green Sea Floyds. The Raiders playing with a huge chip on their shoulders are anxiously waiting for the start of a new year. They travel down to the Trojans stadium and get ready to play the season opener. As the first whistle is sounded, kickoff is ready to begin for the Raiders. The team comes out striking hard and going into halftime the score a huge 27-0. The Raiders kept fighting hard and the end of the game a score of 50-18. The previous time the Raiders scored 50 points was in the early 2000s. That win for them proved to the Raiders that they can reach their goal of a

A Secret Weapon for Help with a Paper

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Employee Engagement for Journal of Communication -myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theEmployee Engagement for Journal of Communication. Answer: Employee engagement can be defined as the level of enthusiasm as well as dedication that every employee feels towards their jobs and towards their organization. Researchers describe this factor as the eagerness that the employees show towards their task that actually makes them passionate in their work (Mone and London 2018). The passion of an engaged employee is easily reflected in their individual outcomes like in their work, how they behave in the organization, how they perceive other employees and many others. An engaged employee has a number of positive aspects. They are seen to care about their work as well as about the performance of company. They also want to feel that their efforts are making difference to the organizations and therefore they try to dedicate themselves completely for the benefit of the organization. Researchers are of the opinion that employees who are highly engaged have a specific internal state of mind. Such employees have a state of mind where they are physically, emotionally and mentally stable which help them to bind their work effort, satisfaction and commitment altogether (Huang et al. 2016). Cultural diversity; With the advancement of the period of globalization, every organization is identifying the need of development of the multicultural working environment. Every organization has a wide number of employees coming from different background having their own cultural traditions, preferences and inhibitions (Karanges et al. 2015). This helps in number of employees coming from different background having their own cultural traditions as well. Therefore, those employers who are culturally sensitive and are culturally aware of their needs and requirements of the employees can ensure employee satisfaction and hence ensure employee engagement. An example of cultural diversity maintained by STARBUCKS; This organization believes that employing diverse employees not only helps to bring innovation and creativity at workplace but also gives the scope to the organization to learn about the needs and requirements of the different cultures. In order to ensure employee engagement, the employers encourage the managers to learn properly to appreciate, respect and respond to the needs of the employees, respect their values, beliefs and expectations of the diverse people and similar others. They believe that by diverse employees, they will be able to allow melting pot of cultures, ideas as well as values that will influence a new way of thinking. A plan would be provided which will help in taking important initaitves. Adopting a learning culture; Researchers are of the opinion that when organizations should able to develop a learning culture where cultural awareness should be influenced in the office environment, they can influence employee engagement largely. It is important that the employers should encourage development of a culture in the organization that would motivate the employees to keep in learning and acquiring knowledge about different cultural traditions and preferences of employees coming from different backgrounds all the time. When the employers develops an idea that the employer of their organization is not only busy in making profits and sales but also puts importance in improvement and education of the cultural awareness of the staffs, employees coming from different background would be satisfied and develop a liking towards the organization and the work (Binyamin and Carmeli 2017). This would increase employee engagement. Transparency; Employees are seen to dislike the higher authorities to keep up the habit of beating around the bush or being culturally biased or culturally insensitive to the employees through their activities and decisions. Researchers are therefore of the opinion that other contributing factors which may result in development of employee engagement is development of the transparent as well as honest work environment (Breevert et al. 2014). Employees really like environments where they can walk up to their higher officials and conduct a serious discussion revealing their concerns and issues that are affecting them regarding their cultural issues or the different biasness they are facing in the workplace. They also expect their higher officials to be concerned about their issues and thereby develop strategies by which their cultural demands are met and satisfied. This would influence employee engagement. Communication; Often different cultures have different customs, traditions, and display of body languages while communicating. Another important factor that helps in providing employee engagement is effective cultural communication between the employees and the employers. When there is miscommunication among the employees or between the employees and employers due to inappropriate body language, it becomes important for them to understand that such ineffective communication may result in development of issues among the companys projects or other activities. This may result in delaying of goal achievement as well as meeting of objectives and goals (Mishra et al. 2014). Therefore, employers need to be sure that an organizational culture is to be maintained where undisrupted effective communication should be influenced which ensures employee engagement that is culturally competent and culturally sensitive. Employee recognition; All great companies have clearly stated that they understand the importance of employee recognition in business world. Researchers have stated that satisfied as well as engaged employees bring out positive energy that helps the organization to see profits and sales. When the dedication and the sacrifices of the employees are paid importance to and recognized, the employees feel motivated and hence they feel more engaged in the their job. While providing rewards, employers should be sure that employees from other cultural backgrounds are not treated differently but in a way by which not only their morale is boosted but also they feel accepted in the organization. In many cases, it is seen that employers, due to their own cultural biasness, tend to encourage their employees of own culture in a better way than those of other cultures. Therefore, employers should be careful and should provide equal significance to all. Effective manager working relationship; Effective management is highly critical for the successful retaining as well as engaging of the employees. When employees feel that they are able to develop good rapport with the management and are also getting good vibes from them, they feel appreciated (Huang et al. 2014). Their work is noticed and this encourages their constructive employee engagement. All these ensure job engagement. In order to develop good rapport with the employees, managers and employers need to develop certain skills. They need to be culturally competent, culturally sensitive and overcome their biasness. They can also go through several evidence-based papers or take advises from stalwarts about how to develop proper cultural communication skills. These would help in developing strong bonds and relationships with employees from different culture. This would develop the working environment and will help in producing more numbers and meet the goals. Flexible: Another important factor that also influences employee engagement is the flexibility option provided to the employees. When the employees are provided different sorts of flexibilities like half day leaves, flexible hours of work, work from home and many other benefits, they feel satisfied. They feel that organizations care about their concerns and issues for which they have come out with effective strategies (Albreacht et al. 2015). Therefore, organizations that provide flexibilities can ensure higher levels of employee engagement. In case of culturally different people, it is seen that many organizations do not respect their cultural traditions and festivals and tend to make them follow the company list of holidays. The company list of holidays may not coincide with their required list of holidays they need for their festivals and celebrations. Therefore, it becomes very important for the employers to provide importance for the holidays they require, the customs they follow and the many others. Therefore, their pleas for holidays should be entertained and flexibilities should be provided to them accordingly. This would help in developing their engagement in the job, as they would feel that the employers respect their culture and traditions. Impact of employee engagement in the workplace: Employees who are highly engaged helps in developing an organizational culture that has different positive effects. It increases profitability of the organization. It also helps in improvement of the retention rate of the employees. It helps in boosting happiness in the workplace. It also ensures higher levels of productivity. It also ensures more innovation. It also initiates connectedness of the employees with that of the organization. It also ensures better communication and more collaboration of the employees. The employees also show greater commitment to the company as well as improved recruitment rates (Mete 2018). Five dimensions of employee engagement by Kumar and Pansari (2015) Employee engagement is seen to be intricately associated with five important aspects. The first one is employee satisfaction. Employees who are satisfied in their workplace and with all aspects of their organizational culture will show more employee engagement. Employee identification is another aspect. When the employees feel that they are identified of their work and are respected and loved, they feel engaged in the organization. Employee commitment and employee loyalties are other two facets besides employee performance. Better the job engagement; the higher will be the mentioned assets. Relation of employee engagement on productivity and profitability; Employee engagement is negatively associated with absenteeism and positively associated with focus and motivation. The higher the employee engagement found on the organization, lesser will be their absenteeism, as they will feel to come to the office and complete their allotted targets. These will be possible due to stable mental and emotional health of the individuals. Higher employee engagement also ensures that the employees are highly motivated and they are focused in their work (Welch 2015). All these ensure higher productivity of the organization as lower absenteeism and higher motivation help to meet production of the organization. References: Albrecht, S.L., Bakker, A.B., Gruman, J.A., Macey, W.H. and Saks, A.M., 2015. Employee engagement, human resource management practices and competitive advantage: An integrated approach.Journal of Organizational Effectiveness: People and Performance,2(1), pp.7-35. Anitha, J., 2014. Determinants of employee engagement and their impact on employee performance.International journal of productivity and performance management,63(3), p.308. Binyamin, G. and Carmeli, A., 2017, January. Managers and Employees Perception of Social Climate: Implications for Employee Engagement. InAcademy of Management Proceedings(Vol. 2017, No. 1, p. 11521). Academy of Management. Breevaart, K., Bakker, A., Hetland, J., Demerouti, E., Olsen, O.K. and Espevik, R., 2014. Daily transactional and transformational leadership and daily employee engagement.Journal of occupational and organizational psychology,87(1), pp.138-157. Huang, Y.H., Lee, J., McFadden, A.C., Murphy, L.A., Robertson, M.M., Cheung, J.H. and Zohar, D., 2016. Beyond safety outcomes: An investigation of the impact of safety climate on job satisfaction, employee engagement and turnover using social exchange theory as the theoretical framework.Applied ergonomics,55, pp.248-257. Huang, Y.H., Lee, J., McFadden, A.C., Murphy, L.A., Robertson, M.M. and Zohar, D., 2014. The impact of safety climate beyond safety outcomes: Job satisfaction, employee engagement and objective turnover rate. InProceedings of the 11th International Symposium on Human Factors in Organisational Design and Management, Copenhagen, Denmark. Karanges, E., Johnston, K., Beatson, A. and Lings, I., 2015. The influence of internal communication on employee engagement: A pilot study.Public Relations Review,41(1), pp.129-131. Mete, M., Davies, G. and Whelan, S., 2018. Employer Brand Image and Employee Engagement: An Exploratory Study in Britain.World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology, International Journal of Economics and Management Engineering,5(2). Mishra, K., Boynton, L. and Mishra, A., 2014. Driving employee engagement: The expanded role of internal communications.International Journal of Business Communication,51(2), pp.183-202. Mone, E.M. and London, M., 2018.Employee engagement through effective performance management: A practical guide for managers. Routledge. Saks, A.M. and Gruman, J.A., 2014. What do we really know about employee engagement?.Human Resource Development Quarterly,25(2), pp.155-182. Welch, M., 2015. Dimensions of internal communication and implications for employee engagement.

Womens suffrag free essay sample

Answering the opposition EN1420 Jorge Angeles Answering the opposition What was your initial reaction to Limbaugh’s claim that, â€Å"feminism was established so that unattractive women could have easier access to the mainstream of society? My first reaction was that he went a little bit too far with that statement, I think unattractive women and attractive women could have or not have an easier access to the mainstream of society as any men too. What are two of Limbaugh’s main points? The first main point is the fact that women today have more power even though the biological fact that male are the aggressors is true, but women have the power to make decisions when it comes to a â€Å"yes† or â€Å"no† response. With women having the power, this will confuse men about what is right and what kind of behavior is acceptable when it comes to real rape and real harassment. We will write a custom essay sample on Womens suffrag or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page When it comes to real rape and real harassment, people have their own interruptions of both. His sub claim is approached by people who are characterized as normal; male-female conduct as sexual harassment then people not only identifies the relations between the sexes, but interprets true sexual harassment. The other point is that people who define modern Feminism by different perspectives on normal deportment that is said to be harassment, near rape, abuse and disrespect. The feminist support leaders are attempting to make the case that any expression of interest by a man in a woman is harassment. By the group attempting to go with the case will lead to many problems. The sub claim that is presented is that real rape is defined by Rush Limbaugh as if approval is defined and the aggressive male pushes himself on the woman to the point of penetration then it is said to be rape. It is said that most men are not rapists, but militant feminists often try to get their point across with stating the differences. The proof with this claim is that some militant feminists apparently harbor such animosity for the opposite sex that they want to criminalize the process of courtship. How does Limbaugh support these points? Give specific examples here from the text. An example given is the concept of date rape, which the intent of rape which does not have different meanings, but it is to distinguish the serious types of rape within the category of rape behavior that is not rape. A proof described is the young star of â€Å"The Wonder Years,† Fred Savage who at the time was sixteen years old experienced a case with sexual harassment by a former staffer of the show, Monique Long, who claimed that Savage repeatedly asked her to have an affair with him and touched her by her holding her hand. Another case involved was with Jason Harvey who was another actor who had harassed the same woman for two years on the show as a costume designer and at one instance touching her in a sexual way. These proofs show that sexual harassment can be interpreted into many ways. How would you answer Limbaugh’s points if you were arguing for the opposition to each of the two points you have selected? That woman today doesn’t have a lot of power because we live in a planet where in other countries and religion, men are to be believed to be superior to women. Also for the second point women should claim any type of abuses, even if it is a minor incident, to alert me to step away and not to mess with women, even if these types of defenses mechanics could be called by men as feminism. Overall, did you find this essay convincing? Why or why not? I did not find the essay convincing because he needs to strength his argument, I would give more facts and examples to make the argument more interesting to where readers will fully get the interruption of it because it states the evidence, but there is no support to back it up only what he said about feminism earlier which does not give any in-depth information. Also include more information on the women since there was a lot mention about men behavior and what is right, therefore women will not be offended. I found this interesting, but if more information is included then it will really spark the argument.

Ocean Dumping of Unpurified Wastewater essays

Ocean Dumping of Unpurified Wastewater essays This research paper deals primarily with the discharging of unclean wastewater into the oceans of the world. There are three major areas of this paper. The first area deals with improper discharging of unclean water into the ocean. This includes toxic chemicals and waste products from industry, agriculture, as well as the home. Section one also highlights the benefits of properly purifying all water discharged into the ocean. The second section shows appropriate filtration and purification techniques in order to correctly sanitize the water. This area includes a brief summary of common purification methods used by most wastewater treatment facilities in this country. Also, ways to control wastewater both on an individual level and on a community level are discussed. The third and final section of this paper talks entirely about the health hazards of coming in direct contact with ocean water contaminated with unclean wastewater. Specific diseases along with symptoms experien ced by people afflicted with diseases are also discussed. Special attention is given to both developed and third-world countries in order to compare and contrast problems encountered by different nations of the world. All journals and other references used when writing this paper are noted. Ocean Dumping of Unpurified Wastewater Out of sight, out of mind has been a familiar attitude toward waste disposal, especially when it comes to dumping all kinds of unwanted material into the ocean. For centuries, the oceans have been the final destination for much of humanitys garbage, but until the twentieth century, the worst effects of this practice were mostly localized. As it becomes increasingly difficult to dispose of wastes on land, however, using oceans as a dumpsite has been an attractive option and the consequences have become more widespread (MacInnis, 1). Perhaps the largest contaminant of the worlds oceans is sewage. Thi...

Turn Your Blogs Passive Readers Into Brand Advocates

Turn Your Blogs Passive Readers Into Brand Advocates I started blogging in 1999 before the word blog existed. Back then it was more like an online journal. I was a pimply high school student at the time and would write a few paragraphs about random geeky topics every day. But I gave up after a few months when nobody seemed to care. A few weeks later, some friends asked me why I hadnt posted in a while. My chin fell to the floor. It wasnt that they didnt care. They just were passive readers. They enjoyed what I wrote, but they just didnt do anything to show it. How To Easily Turn Passive Readers Into Genuine Brand Advocates via @ckeckYou might remember the 80/20 rule (80% of revenue comes from 20% of customers, etc.), so you might think that 80% of word-of-mouth for your blog comes from 20% of your readers. But that is not true when you are starting out. If you have 20% of your readers as active promoters- brand advocates, if you will- you are doing an amazing job. When you start blogging, you will likely only have 2 brand advocates... your mom and best friend.  Plus a few close customers, if you’re lucky. This can be incredibly frustrating because you spend countless hours writing endless blog posts. You know that content marketing is supposed to: Drive sales Generate leads Encourage conversions But instead, it feels like all it does is waste your time. If you're not getting the results you want from your blog readers, it might not be apathy that you are fighting. You might just need to engage with your audience in a slightly different way. There are some activities that popular bloggers all seem to do that are generally written off by beginner bloggers because they don't understand why they do them. I call these activities "The 5 Laws For Turning Passive Readers Into Brand Advocates", and here's how you can  make these work for your blog: Law #1: Use Surveys To Find Your Readers' Deepest Desires There are 5 major reasons people will share your content on social networks: entertainment, defining themselves, relationships, self-fulfillment,  and  supporting a cause. So how do you write content that helps people achieve their goals and define themselves to others? Many bloggers write from their gut instincts, this is a big rookie mistake. It is much more effective to just ask your readers about their own desires, hopes, and dreams. The biggest bloggers like Tim Ferriss do this on a regular basis. If you have a small mailing list and are just getting started, you might not get a lot of feedback if you ask people directly to tell you their hopes and dreams. In fact, asking people up front like that is generally ineffective (unless you have a big following) because people don’t often reply honestly with personal details like that to mass emails. But there’s a trick you can use to get high quality, actionable feedback even from a small mailing list: use the Net Promoter System. It’s a highly effective way to get 8–10 times more actionable data than traditional surveying methods. Asking about hopes and dreams can be effective in engaging your audience. You simply ask: How likely is it that you would recommend my brand/product/service to a friend or colleague? (Answers are based on a 0–10 scale). That's it. Because it is so quick, easy and painless to respond to such a simple survey, you will find much higher response rates. After they give you their number, you ask an open-ended question: What's the most important reason for your score? Although you will get interesting answers here, the single biggest trick for turning passive readers into active promoters and brand advocates is in responding personally to every survey whether they give you positive or negative feedback. If they give you a 9 or a 10 (very likely to promote), it’s the best case scenario. All you need to do is follow-up with a personalized email with a suggestion for how they could promote you to their friends (leave a review, tweet a message, etc.). Often people are willing to promote, but just need a nudge in the right direction for how to promote you. If they give you a 1 or a 2 (very unlikely to promote), don’t fret. This is a great opportunity to learn more. Follow-up with a personal email thanking them for their time and asking what their biggest problem is so you can write more about it in the future. That way you get ideas for new things you can write about that you had not considered yet. Action Items: Start a mailing list for your blog at MailChimp or something similar. Send an NPS survey with a system like Promoter.io or something similar. Follow-up with all survey responders using the NPS Follow-Up Cheat Sheet templates. Law #2: Create Conflict And Drama A fair amount  of  blog posts are dry and boring. The most common advice to spice things up is by adding facts and data, but sometimes that will just make a post more boring. The trick to draw people in is to create conflict and add drama by telling stories. For example, popular blogger Neil Patel tells the story of how he learned new marketing ideas from scantily clad women: 10 Marketing Techniques That I Learned From Instagram Models. People share controversial, provocative, and dramatic opinions like wildfire. Give them  something to talk about. Controversial opinions are shared like wildfire. Give people something to talk about.You don’t need to be as provocative as Neil to achieve a similar result. One simple and reliable formula you can use to draw in your own readers is to open every blog post with a personal story about a problem you faced and how you overcame it or what it taught you. For an example, take a look at the beginning of this post. Action Items: Make a list of at least 20 hopes, dreams, fears, and frustrations of your readers collected from the action item in Law #1. Think of 20 personal anecdotes or stories where you or a friend had similar dreams or frustrations for each one, and how you achieved the goal or overcame the frustration. Review previous blog posts to see if you can optimize them  with stories. Law #3: Train Your Readers To Be More Active Did you know subliminal messages are a myth? There is no scientific evidence that they work. That’s why the pre-show movie overtly shows you pictures of popcorn and coke. Because explicit messaging does work. So if you want people to share your content, you must ask them to. If you want people to join your mailing list, you must ask them explicitly. Ask: It's how to turn passive readers into subscribers.One of the most effective ways to engage your audience is by giving them an incentive to promote you. Virtual or physical giveaways  are always a great way to make this happen. A pro tip is that it’s usually better to give away 10 items one at a time than one giveaway with 10 items. For example, you will usually get the same number of people to enter the contest every time (and thus promote the contest). 10 times the prizes will not get you 10 times as many contestants. Action Items: Make a list of 20 things you could give away: paper books, e-books, audiobooks, interviews, checklists, cheat sheets. Make sure they are hyper-relevant to your audience’s hopes and desires. Use LeadPages or similar software to have the giveaways lead directly to new email list subscribers. Get the KingSumo Giveaways WordPress plugin to run your own contests quickly and easily. Tweets and Facebook messages give people better chances to win. Personality quizzes are a great way to activate your passive readers. WordPress plugins like WordPress Viral Quiz make them easily to build. Add them to your blog and watch them convert like crazy. Law #4: Create More Personal Relationships You are more likely to actively engage with friends than acquaintances, so how do you make your audience feel like they are your friend? One way to create personal relationships is by telling personal stories (from Law #2), but there are more techniques for creating intimacy with your reader. For example, if I am talking to you as friends would, I would never say: â€Å"People should share the content if they like it† if what I really meant to say was â€Å"You should share my post if you like it.† It goes against what you learned in high school, but when blogging, use personal pronouns (like â€Å"I† and â€Å"You†) instead of impersonal pronouns (like â€Å"people should do this and that†). Get personal with your #blog to build relationships with your readers.Another great method is to combine this with Laws #1 and #2. Engage with people through your surveys to find out their personal stories (like â€Å"please tell me your story†, not â€Å"send me stories†), and then ask permission to share their stories on your blog. Most people will gladly say yes, and then you can share your own point of view through your customers' stories (and even in their own words). Personal pronouns combined with great storytelling bonds people together and creates relationships. This should be a top goal for your blog if you want to create active subscribers and brand advocates. Action Items: Review your 3 most popular blog posts for impersonal pronouns (he, she, they, people, them, one) and see if you can replace them with more personal ones (I, you). This will give you a sense for how vigilant you will need to be in the future. Call or email your 5 best customers, and tell them you just wanted to make sure they were happy. Then ask them to tell you about the last big challenge they had and how they overcame it. LISTEN. Don’t interrupt. Write notes. Carefully read some of the popular blogs in your space and see what they do to draw people in. Do they use personal pronouns? Use QuickSprout to research their most popular posts and figure out how  you can replicate that success. Recommended Reading: 25 Growth Hacks Your Content Marketing Desperatly Need Law #5: Tell Your Audience What To Do The end of your posts will make or break how active your readers are. If you end with something typical like: â€Å"In conclusion, do X to get Y,† then your reader will happily close their tab and move on. But if you end with a call to action, then if they liked the post, they will know exactly what to do next. A simple and effective way to do this is with a postscript. Postscripts tend to catch people’s eye and are very hard to ignore. If you want people to share a post, you could write a post-script as simple as this one: P.S. If you know someone who makes this mistake, I'd love it if you shared  this post with them. Thank you! It’s a non-invasive way to increase the virality of your posts. You can even auto-include it on all your WordPress posts if you use a plugin like Bottom of Every Post. If you use the SumoMe WordPress plugin, you can keep track for free of what percent of readers get to the end of your posts. On average, we find that half of our readers will read the whole post. By the time they get there, they will be ready to take an action. You just need to point them in the right direction. Action Items: Think of 1 thing that has inspired you recently that wasn’t related to work, but tied into work (like Neil Patel’s 10 Marketing Techniques That I Learned From Instagram Models) and make it into a new blog post full of story and personal pronouns. End it with a P.S. that asks readers to share the post and see what happens. Combine postscripts with the giveaways created in Law #3 to make irresistible actions for your readers to take. Think of ways to make more content out of your most popular posts. For example, you could create slides and post them to SlideShare or record yourself dictating the post and make a podcast out of it. Then the action your readers can take is directly related to the content they just read. Turning passive readers into active promoters and brand advocates  isn’t hard, sometimes it just takes a few tweaks to make a big difference. Try some of these techniques and see what works for you. If you discover other techniques, please come back to this post and leave a comment to help others just like you.

Issues concerning the rights of minority members in Australia and the Essay

Issues concerning the rights of minority members in Australia and the manner in which shareholder rights may be protected - Essay Example Australia is a nation with strong legal system with a higher level of legal protection for shareholders and creditors2 compared to other nations (La Porta et al, 1998, 1999).In this essay, the various issues concerning the minority shareholder rights in Australia and the different ways by which the shareholder rights may be protected are discussed in detail. This is organized as follows. In the second section, the theoretical perspectives of corporate governance and the problems between directors and shareholders are discussed. In the third section, the directors and shareholders; rights and obligations are discussed. In the fourth section, various issues regarding the minority shareholder rights are discussed. In the fifth section, various remedies for protecting minority shareholder rights are discussed in detail. The fifth section concludes the essay. Starting from classical economists like Smith (1776), Berle, and Means (1932), many studies have been done on the conflicts of interests between the principal or investors and the agent or managers. The idea of separating the concepts of ownership and control has been developed based on these studies. The role of corporate governance comes in this context. According to Shleifer and Vishny (1997), corporate governance is given a broad definition.Corporate governance â€Å" deals with the ways in which suppliers of finance to corporations assure themselves of getting a return on their investment†. OECD(1999) defines corporate governance as â€Å"the system by which business corporations are directed and controlled. The corporate governance structure specifies the distribution of rights and responsibilities among different participants in the corporation, such as the board, managers, shareholders and other stakeholders, and spells out the rules and procedures for making decisions on corporate affairs. By doing this, it also provides the structure through which the company objectives are

Chapter 11 & 12 Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Chapter 11 & 12 - Coursework Example In my opinion, allowing the judges the discretion of setting bail, helps them in dealing with the conflicting reality associated with reason for setting bail; whether bail is used to ensure that a defendant appears in court for trial or for the purpose of protecting the society (Neubauer and Fradella 261). This is a dilemma that faces judges in their day-to-day administration of bail. This law may be seen to violate a defendant’s constitutional right to bail; however, it should be noted that, it considers the rights of the society at large. It would politically infeasible to free all violent crime offenders on bail knowing very well that they may commit violent crimes again; similarly, jailing all those accused of violent offenses might not be feasible since jails are not enough to accommodate them. This law, therefore, not only protects the society, ensures that defendants’ rights to bail is not infringed, identifies the dilemma judges face and thus equips them with th e power to balance these competing demands-protecting the society, and protecting defendants constitutional rights. It should be noted that, constitutional rights such as the right to bail, are only meaningful when they do not infringe on the rights of others. Additionally, according to the Eighth Amendment Right, there is no absolute provision for the right of bail to all citizens irrespective of crime and logistical nightmares, as such to protect the citizens’ right to bail, despite the judge’s discretion; it grants that bail must not be excessive. Q#2 FIU police receive an anonymous tip that a white male, wearing an orange Miami Hurricanes jersey and blue jeans is standing in the breezeway of the Green Library. The anonymous 911 caller states the subject is concealing a handgun in his waistband. The subject is observed acting in a casual manner and nothing about his appearance or actions indicate

Early Cold War Essay Example for Free

Early Cold War Essay The term Cold War was first introduced by Bernard Baruch, an American businessman and political adviser to every President from Woodrow Wilson to John F. Kennedy (â€Å"Bernard Baruch†). It was a time of mutual distrust between the United States and the Soviet Union and their respective allies which begun after World War II. From Democracy in America’s author, Alexis de Tocqueville, â€Å"There are now two great nations in the world, which starting from different points, seem to be advancing toward the same goal: the Russians and the Anglo-Americans. . . . Each seems called by some secret design of Providence one day to hold in its hands the destinies of half the world† (Kreis, â€Å"The Origins of the Cold War†). The primary concern of the United States during the early years of the Cold War was the political threat of the spread of Communist ideology from the Soviet Union (Zinn, 1980). Further back in its history, Russia exhibited radical tendencies by overthrowing Tsar Nicholas, followed by the Bolshevik Revolution, the unification under Lenin where Communism’s seed began to sprout and continued by Stalin (Kreis, â€Å"The Origins of the Cold War†). A history of military intervention in Eastern Europe climaxing in 1948 in the overthrow of the democratic government in Czechoslovakia by a communist coup were thrown as examples of Soviet expansionism. This reminded the American public of the atrocities of Hitler (Zinn, 1980). And with him in mind the United States and its western European allies began to see Stalin as a threat (Kreis, â€Å"The Origins of the Cold War†). The more fearful concern was the Soviet Union’s revitalizing industry after badly scathed by the aftermath of World War II and its increasing military strength (Zinn, 1980). The United States slowly exercised its economic might by refusing to aid any post-war reconstruction in Russia as approved by the U. S. Congress in 1945, a major about face in policy under the Lend-Lease Act of 1941 wherein the U. S. shipped huge amounts of war equipments to Russia (Kreis, â€Å"The Origins of the Cold War†). Coming from the huge gains of World War II, the United States was also wary of regimes opposed to its capitalist structure. That fear was best exhibited by the emergence of Soviet Union as a global power with an ideology opposed to democratic and industrial capitalist principles of the United States (Kreis, â€Å"The Origins of the Cold War†). Americans generally fear revolution. They fear â€Å"change real, fundamental social, economic and political change† (Kreis, â€Å"The Origins of the Cold War†). Fro all its democratic talk, America has a history of suppressing true liberalism and radicalism. The Soviets also had their share of fears in the early years of the Cold War. After World War II, Stalin feared that democratic principles would be forced upon the Communist tenets of the Soviet Union. He believed the two principles cannot co-exist. As he warned in his speech, capitalism and imperialism made future wars inevitable (â€Å"Episode 2: Iron Curtain 1945-1947†). Stalin also was aware of the United States expanding influence all over the world. He was wary of this move and pressured Turkey, a country located strategically on the southern borders of Soviet Union, for a Soviet military presence in the Darnanelles and the Bosporus. Turkey was then influenced by Great Britain and eventually aided by the United States. The atomic bomb that was dropped in Japan started the concept of the nuclear arms race which the Soviet Union was interested to join. But Stalin received intelligence reports that the Americans â€Å"would not share atomic secrets with the Soviet Union† (Zubok, â€Å"Cold War Chat†). The mutual distrust and fears of both the United States and the Soviet Union resulted in actions that further shaped the history of the Cold War. The United States’s fear of the possible spread of Soviet Communist ideology led to their policy of containment. What is now known as the Truman Doctrine paved the way to the formal declaration of cold war against the Soviet Union. This was the famous speech of President Truman to the U. S. Congress asking for $400 million to aid Greece and Turkey’s fight against communism (Kreis, â€Å"The Origins of the Cold War†). The containment policy of the United States involves military interventions to countries where Communism was viewed to thrive. The most famous display of the containment policy was the Vietnam War which started in 1950 under President Truman’s administration. Armed with the U. S. Congress resolution named Gulf of Tonkin Resolution, President Johnson further escalated the war by bombing North Vietnam and continuing to send as many as 540,000 troops by the end of 1968. As more Americans left and died in Vietnam, the anti-war sentiments back home put pressure on the government. The Nixon years saw the continuance of the Vietnam War with the expansion of hostilities in Laos and Cambodia. Nixon’s Vietnamization policy of providing military aid but not troops proved to be a temporary success. A 1972 preliminary peace draft in Paris was initially rejected. By 1973, Nixon convinced Hanoi and Saigon’s President Nguyen van Thieu to sign the Paris Peace Agreement which ended the hostilities between the United States and the Democratic Republic of Vietnam. The containment policy also played a role in the creation on April 4, 1949 of the North Atlantic Treaty Organisation (NATO), currently an alliance of 26 countries from North America and Europe. This was the outcome of Europe’s fears of another Soviet aggression in the guise of Stalin when they were just about to rebuild after Hitler’s dictatorship. Western Europe also needed the assurance of the United States’s protection while they started to rebuild from the ruins of World War II. NATO members’ common grounds are said to include the same democratic ideology and capitalist structure of economy (Kreis, â€Å"The Origins of the Cold War†). In the late 1940s to 1950s both the United States and Soviet Union sought to build their military arsenal. For the United States, this gave way to military integration, the passing by Congress of the National Security Act in 1947 which created the Department of Defence, the National Security Council, and the Central Intelligence Agency (Kreis, â€Å"The Origins of the Cold War†). On the Soviet side, they detonated an atomic bomb of their own in 1949. The first H-bomb was also detonated by the United States in 1952. Not to be outdone, the Soviets detonated a fusion bomb in 1953 (Kreis, â€Å"The Origins of the Cold War†). NSC-68, a policy the United States adopted in 1950 raised defense spending to staggering amounts, up to $60 billion dollars, â€Å"a symbol of Americas determination to win the cold war regardless of cost (Kreis, â€Å"The Origins of the Cold War†). Although the Cold War has now officially ended, the United States, the only legitimate superpower left, continues to establish a world order that caters to its capitalist structure. Military interventions have been part of its policy if it serves U. S. interests. During the Cold War, the goal was the containment of Communism. At the present, terrorism is the new battle cry. It is said the United States owns a very large percentage of the world’s wealth while it tries to suppress those who oppose to its capitalistic tenets. Currently, we are seeing the emergence of a possible superpower like China. It has been known as the sleeping giant and could be a contender to displace the United States from its current status. Whether there will be another Cold War by any other name, only time will tell. References Bernard Baruch. Answers. com. Retrieved 10 December 2006 from the Web: http://www. answers. com/topic/bernard-baruch Cold War (1998). CNN. com. Retrieved December 10, 2006 from the World Wide Web: http://www. cnn. com/SPECIALS/cold. war/episodes/02/ The Origins of the Cold War (2006). TheHistory Guide Website. Retrieved December 10, 2006 from the World Wide Web: http://www. historyguide. org/europe/lecture14. html Zinn, Howard. (1980). A People’s History of the United States. Retrieved December 10, 2006 from the World Wide Web: http://www. writing. upenn. edu/~afilreis/50s/zinn-chap16. html Zubok, Vladislav Dr. (1998, October 4). [COLD WAR chat moderated by COLD WAR reporter Bruce Kennedy for CNN’s COLD WAR series]. COLD War Chat: Dr. Vladislav Zubok, Historian. Retrieved December 10, 2006 from the Web: http://www. cnn. com/SPECIALS/cold. war/guides/debate/chats/zubok/

Church History :: essays research papers fc

Christianity Begins On a late afternoon, in about the year AD 33, two men were walking from Jerusalem to the nearby village of Emmaus. Their conversation centered on events that had occurred the previous week. As they journeyed, a stranger who seemed ignorant of these events joined them. Surprised, they asked him: "Are you the only person staying in Jerusalem not to know what has happened there in the last few days?" So they explained to him about a certain Jesus of Nazareth, "a prophet powerful in speech and action before God and the whole people. Our chief priests and rulers handed him over to the Roman authorities to be sentenced to death, and they crucified him. But we were hoping that he was the man to liberate Israel." Even more amazing, they went on to say, were reports from some women who visited his tomb that he was alive again, raised from the dead. Suddenly the stranger spoke: "How dull-witted you two are! And how slow to believe all that the prophets said. Was not th e messiah bound to suffer thus before entering upon his glory?" Then he went on to clarify from the Hebrew scriptures all the passages that referred to himself. For the stranger was Jesus of Nazareth, of whom the two had been speaking. Based on the life, death and coming to life again of Jesus Christ there has developed the world's largest religion, Christianity. Expectation and Reality The two men on the road to Emmaus were not simple common folk. They were a selected group of twelve followers, called disciples or learners, of Jesus who had known him for at least three years. During this period they had listened to all he said and had witnessed his amazing actions, such as healing the sick, giving sight to the blind and hearing to the deaf and even bringing people back to life. They had become convinced that he was the Messiah who was to redeem Israel. Israel wanted and expected redemption. This small Jewish nation, located in the eastern part of the Roman Empire, had for centuries looked forward to a time when their God would, through some decisive action, free them from outside oppression and establish Israel as the preeminent nation in the world. The word messiah means "the lord's anointed," someone God has set aside for a specific task. Christians believe that Jesus, from the small town of Nazareth in Galilee, was that Messiah.

Investment Portfolio Analysis

B6201 – Investments/portfolio theory| Investment Portfolio Analysis| Course Project Task 6| | Crystal Watkins| 10/17/2012| This paper will Identify and explain the major factors driving the market during this week. It will also identify and explain causes of changes in the market and the index. As well as developed investment objectives and defined risk tolerance levels. I will also include a snap shot of my investments and an explanation of why I choose those particular companies. |The trends that I noticed that were going on with my investments this week were: * Apple – Apple  has asked  Foxconn  to tighten quality control measures while manufacturing the iPhone 5 after complaints of scratches on the device’s body, and that has worsened  its supply shortfall. Stricter benchmarks are affecting production of the anodized aluminum housing used in the device, delaying orders for the  phone,  Bloomberg  said. Apple consumers started complaining of nick s and scrapes to the body of the new phone soon after its launch last month, with some saying there were scratches even before the device was unpacked.While the company said in response to the complaints that it was â€Å"normal† for an aluminum product to â€Å"scratch or chip with use, exposing its natural silver color,†Ã‚  internally, it expressed its displeasure to Foxconn. (Rathee, 2012) * Microsoft – Microsoft  is  reportedly  bringing its flagship product, Microsoft Office to both Apple and  Google's  Android-based devices. This comes from Microsoft's Czech Republic Team, and Petr Bobek, a Microsoft Office productivity manager.Microsoft has been hesitant in the past to bring its software outside of the Windows ecosystem, with the noted exception of haphazard versions of Microsoft Office being available for Mac. Bringing Office to iOS and Android, the two dominant mobile operating systems, would be a change in philosophy for Microsoft. (Ciaccia, 2012) * Johnson & Johnson – The delay for Eliquis is perhaps not unexpected given the size of the trial and the mass of data collected. No matter, it is widely believed to be more efficacious and safer than its  Johnson & Johnson’s  Xarelto and Boehringer Ingelheim’s Pradaxa.If approved, it will likely see strong sales growth. The delay will no doubt please JNJ shareholders whose rival drug Xarelto is only just establishing sales. Its partner Bayer has been forecasting peak sales of over Euro 2 billion for Xarelto even after the FDA refused to expand its indications. If these sorts of numbers are baked into JNJ’ forecasts and Eliquis (if approved) starts to grab market share then this will be a blow. (Samaha, 2012) * Pfizer – Pfizer had four major events expected. It had one success (Inlyta), one failure (bapineuzumab) and two delays.As ever with pharma the patience of a Saint is needed. The two biggest drugs (Eliquis and Tofacitinib) saw poten tial approvals delayed until November and March next year respectively. Both are expected to be blockbusters. (Samaha, 2012) * Nike – Corporate Responsibility Magazine has named Nike one of its top corporate citizens. The magazine ranked the Top 10 Best Corporate Citizens  in categories including consumer items, consumer stables, energy and health care. Nike topped the consumer items list, sharing the honor with Mattel and Gap.The rankings were determined using public data related to companies' responses to climate change, employee relations, environment, governance and human rights, among other variables. [ (Journal, 2012) ] * Sprint – Sprint Nextel Corp. ’s Chief Executive Officer Dan Hesse, who took over in December 2007, has worked to fix the mess he was handed after Sprint’s $36 billion acquisition of Nextel in 2005 failed, causing 3. 1 million subscribers to leave the carrier. Now he says that Sprint is on track to return to the black in 2014. Wal l Street has shown increasing faith.Sprint shares are up more than 122% this year, but Hesse is quick to qualify his optimism. I tell the team here, â€Å"You’re not going to see any mission  accomplished  signs anywhere on this campus. †? Bloomberg Business Week reported, that this is a long process. (Marin, 2012) * Verizon – Earlier in the year, wireless carrier  Verizon said  it was planning on expanding its 4G LTE coverage to span over 400 markets by year's end. That was an aggressive goal considering it started the year with only about 190, meaning it was looking to more than double that figure in just one year.Turns out that Big Red wasn't just being overly ambitious, and is actually reaching that goal ahead of time. Speaking at MobileCon, a conference all about mobile IT, Verizon CTO Nicola Palmer said  the carrier is launching LTE in a handful of markets on Oct. 18, bringing its total tally up to a whopping 417, further extending its LTE lead a gainst rivals  AT;T  and  Sprint Nextel. (Evan Niu, 2012) * Target – Radio Shack's partnership with  Target Corp. to place its employees in Target electronics departments is a money-losing deal that Radio Shack should consider ending.The deal, signed in 2009 and  expanded upon in 2011, hasn't replaced the revenue generated by an earlier agreement Radio Shack had to run kiosks in Wal-Mart Stores Inc. Radio Shack's Target business lost $17 million more than it did in 2010, Chai said. But the two companies are apparently working to improve things. Radio Shack's kiosks now get placement in Target circulars, and Radio Shack is boosting training of its staff. [ (Journal S. P. , 2012) ] * Wal-Mart – Wal-Mart Stores Inc. , the world’s largest retailer, rose to the highest ever after the company’s U.S. merchandising head said the back-to-school season was â€Å"very strong. † The shares climbed 3. 3 percent to $76. 59 at 12:46 p. m. in New York af ter earlier reaching $76. 73, the highest intraday price since its initial public offering in 1970. The stock also gained after  Costco Wholesale Corp. posted fiscal fourth-quarter profit that topped analysts’ estimates. Costco rose 3. 5 percent to $103. 08. (Townsend, 2012) * Toyota – Toyota  is issuing a safety recall for 7. 43 million vehicles across the globe. The Japanese car manufacturer said 2. million of the vehicles with potential window problems are in the U. S. The issue involves the power window master switches of some of the company's most well-known brands, including Camry and Corolla sedans and RAV4 sport utility vehicles, built between 2005 and 2010. Toyota  said in a press release that commercial lubricating agents applied to a â€Å"sticky† window switch could potentially melt the switch or even cause a fire. [ (Carroll, 2012) ] Dow  Ã‚  0. 95%  Nasdaq  Ã‚  1. 21% Your portfolios: WatkinsC Total Value $1,001,095. 54 Today's Change 7 ,944. 81  0. 80% SYMBOL| PRICE| CHG  ;  % CHG| 52-WK RANGE| SHARES| MKT VALUE| GAIN  ;  % GAIN| AAPL| 649. 7925| 15. 03| +2. 37%| 363. 32| 705. 07| 150| $97,468. 87|   $15,001,156. 13|   99. 35%| JNJ| ^69. 55| 0. 95| +1. 38%| 61. 05| 69. 80| 1,464| $101,821. 20|   $146,113,831. 92|   99. 93%| MSFT| 29. 49| -0. 02| -0. 07%| 24. 30| 32. 95| 3,247| $95,754. 03|   $324,418,062. 99|   99. 97%| NKE| 97. 24| 1. 63| +1. 70%| 85. 10| 114. 81| 990| $96,267. 60|   $98,795,822. 40|   99. 90%| PFE| ^25. 80| 0. 23| +0. 90%| 18. 15| 25. 92| 4,144| $106,915. 0|   $414,099,477. 12|   99. 97%| S| ^5. 69| 0. 00| +0. 00%| 2. 10| 6. 04| 19,493| $110,915. 17|   $1,949,171,346. 20|   99. 99%| TGT| 62. 90| 1. 09| +1. 76%| 47. 25| 65. 80| 1,549| $97,432. 10|   $154,687,926. 41|   99. 94%| TM| 77. 32| 1. 11| +1. 46%| 60. 37| 87. 15| 1,222| $94,485. 04|   $121,996,414. 80|   99. 92%| VZ| 44. 08| -0. 42| -0. 94%| 35. 32| 48. 77| 2,207| $97,284. 56|   $220,552,175. 14 |   99. 96%| WMT| ^76. 91| -0. 24| -0. 31%| 54. 81| 77. 60| 1,336| $102,751. 76|   $133,318,224. 24|   99. 92%| Total| | | | | | | $1,001,095. 4|   $3,578,154,437. 34|   99. 97%| The above chart is a snap-shot of my portfolio for the week of October 17th as you can see I made a 0. 80% increase or $7,944. 81  cash profit since my initial investment, which is a $ 7069. 02 positive difference and a huge increase from last week’s profits. Works Cited Carroll, D. (2012, October 10). Toyota Recalls 7. 43 Million Vehicles. Retrieved October 10, 2012, from The Mootley Fool: http://www. fool. com/investing/general/2012/10/10/toyota-recalls-743-million-vehicles-globally. spx Ciaccia, C. (2012, October 10). Here's Microsoft's Most Bullish Move in Years. Retrieved October 10, 2012, from The Street: http://www. thestreet. com/story/11733394/1/heres-microsofts-most-bullish-move-in-years. html? puc=yahoo;cm_ven=YAHOO Evan Niu, C. (2012, October 10). Verizon's Big Red Footprint G ets Bigger. Retrieved October 10, 2012, from The Mootley Fool: http://www. fool. com/investing/general/2012/10/10/verizons-big-red-footprint-gets-bigger. aspx Journal, P. B. (2012, October 9). Nike on ‘Best Corporate

E †Marketing of the Music Products Essay

The success of music marketing traditionally has been determined by the power of the musicians artists and the consumers. However there had been a quantum change in the power recently thanks to the increased use of information and communication technology. The music industry had long held the power to control the development of the marketing, but the advent of the internet and the technological advancement in the information and communication technology has allowed the artistes and consumers to take power of their own. There were initial apprehensions about the impact of the internet on the marketing of the music industry due to the presence of file-sharing and peer-to-peer networks that might hinder the growth of sales of the music products. However it so happened that the internet has opened up a sea of chances for the growth of the marketing of the music products through the development of new retail channels for consumers as well as for the artistes to take advantage of the increased customer net work. This marketing channel has made much more music available to a much wider and larger set of audience and consumers. Punjabi music and songs have been estimated to originate between the 14th and 15th century, as folklore with the farmers composing songs in their own dialects and tunes. There are different varieties of Punjabi music that enthrall the music lovers. The Punjabi music market had grown with the time by selling the products through recorded cassette tapes and then through the medium of compact discs. With the passage of time the internet marketing has taken over the reins and the industry developed with newer and improved technological means of marketing the ancient cultural treasure. The internet marketing has proved to be an effective platform for the Punjabi music to gain popularity not only in India but throughout the world. There is a huge difference in the marketing strategy and approaches of the Punjabi music industry before and after the introduction of internet as a marketing medium. Internet marketing has made the industry to constantly work on finding new strategies to develop the marketing efforts. While originally it was apprehended that features like file sharing and peer-to-peer networks will hamper the growth of the sale of Punjabi music products, there were no such hindrances in reality and the industry is growing day by day with the introduction of new and improved music themes. With the help of internet marketing the purchasing of music products has improved considerably and this has increased the customer needs and preferences. In this context this study looks at the contribution of internet marketing to the growth of sale of Punjabi music products and how internet has helped the music industry to introduce new and improved methods of marketing. The scope of the study is to review the development of the Punjabi music industry over the period of time along with the development of the internet marketing concept. The study also analyses the problems in the music industry associated with the development of the internet market. 1. 1 Research Objectives While looking at the overall development of the internet marketing of the Indian Punjabi music the study has other objectives like 1. Comparing the differences in the marketing approaches prior to the introduction and development of the internet marketing and the present day approaches backed by internet marketing. 2. Exploring the available present and future technologies that can help the music industry grow 3. Analysing the impact of these technologies on the conduct of business and development of marketing for the music industry in general 4. Reviewing the response of the music industry to the technological developments 5. Assessing the impact the internet marketing had on the consumer preferences and tastes in the context of the music industry in general and Punjabi music in particular 6. Assessing the impact of file sharing and peer-to-peer networks on the internet marketing of the music products. 7. Assessing the possibility of turning the illegitimate music routes to legitimate saleable propositions. 1. 2 Research Scope The study intends to review the development of the marketing concept of the music industry in general and the Punjabi music in particular over the period of time till the introduction of the concept of internet marketing and how the marketing concepts have changed over time. This can be seen from the changes in consumer preferences over the time in them asking new and more improved ways of listening to the music without losing the quality of the music. Examples in this connection are the I-pods and MP3 concepts. The findings of this study will greatly interest the music lovers as well as the music industry because some interesting information on the E-marketing strategies would be evolved which can help them to adapt to the latest developments in the technology. The study will also extend to the analysis of the reasons and extent of piracy prevalent in the music industry and the scope for converting such piracies to saleable propositions. Overall the study aims at reviewing the growth of the music industry over the period of technological improvements. 1. 3 Research Questions This study attempts to answer the following research questions among other things: 1. What is the impact of technological developments in the marketing growth of the music industry in general and Indian Punjabi music in particular? 2. What are the changes in the consumer preferences in respect of the music products with the development of internet marketing in the music industry? 3. What are the chances that piracy in the E-marketing can be contained with respect to the music products? 1. 4 Structure of the Dissertation In order to make a cohesive presentation this dissertation has been divided in to different chapters. Chapter 1 makes a brief introduction to the readers about the background of the Punjabi music and the internet marketing being the subject the thesis is going to deal. This chapter also outlines the objectives of the research and sets the questions that the research intends to find answers. Chapter 2 makes a detailed review of the available literature on the internet marketing of the music products and the associated issues with a view to familiarize the readers to the discussions on the core subject of the paper ‘Impact of Internet on Indian Punjabi Music Industry: An overview on the Internet Marketing of the Music Products’ . Chapter 3 presents an account of the research methodology that was adopted to gather the information and data needed for the completion of the research along with a justification for the chosen method of research. The findings of the research and an analysis there of constitutes Chapter 4. Some concluding remarks recapitulating the issues discussed forming the content of the text is presented in the final chapter 5. There were certain limitations of this research which are mentioned in the concluding chapter. Chapter 2 Literature Review The scope of this chapter extends to the presentation of a review of the available literature on the subject of the impact of the internet marketing on the Indian Punjabi music industry. While reviewing the literature on this particular subject the study also extends to an analysis of the impact of E-marketing on the music industry and its products. 2. 1 Indian Punjabi Music – a Background As observed earlier the origin of the Indian Punjabi music dates back to the 14th or 15 the century. Developed as folklore the music had the exquisite character of instilling energy and rhythm in to the lives of those who sing these songs. There are a number of varieties of Punjabi songs like â€Å"bhangara, jhumar, luddi, giddha, julli† and so on. The music had a vibrant style which made it popular in the world and with the migration of the people the music also travelled westwards. With the fascination for this kind of music the Punjabi music and songs have acquired a greater significance in the international world of music. Music charts are being prepared with the flavor of this Asian culture. The Punjabi music has developed to such an extent that it is compared with other popular music like rock and reggae. Even European songs are infused with the mixture of the Punjabi music and songs and have attracted music lovers all over the world. (Indian Child) 2. 1. 1 Development of Indian Punjabi Music ‘Bhangra’ one of the traditional forms of Indian Punjabi music has become increasingly popular in the Western music cultures over the period. With a tradition of more than 500 years old ‘bhangra’ which was performed during harvest festivals was increasingly being performed in weddings and other joyous occasions like New Year celebrations. According to Asia Today though the Indian Punjabi music ‘bhangra’ is still performed in its traditional form, in recent years the music has taken new versions in the form of ‘remixes, film songs, hip-hop, reggae and house music’ and through these new forms has developed a growing Western audience in the regions of Europe and North America. The music has seen its developments in the UK during the 1970s when it started influencing the British club scenes. The development of the music has been accelerated due to the presence of a large section of South Asian Diaspora especially belonging to the second generation youngsters in the whole of Europe and more specifically in the UK. In the recent past ‘bhangra’ has reverted back to its original drum beats and it is sure that this music will enthrall more audience world wide in the years to come (Asia Today)

Free Essays on Tommy Girl Cologne Marketing Campaign

Tommy Hilfiger has revolutionized the fashion world from his men’s and women’s sportswear and denim wear to his athletic wear to his children’s wear to his accessories. It was no surprise to the fashion industry when Tommy introduced his fragrances, belts, bedding, home furnishings, and cosmetics. Through extensive marketing Tommy Hilfiger’s products have flown off the shelves. In this paper I will look at one particular Tommy product: Tommy Girl Cologne the 1.7 fluid ounce bottles. I will explain all the facets of the Tommy Girl marketing campaign. Marketing Oriented: Tommy Hilfiger uses a marketing orientation because the company follows the marketing concept. It aims all of its efforts at satisfy its customers- at a profit. The Tommy Hilfiger Corporation mission statement explains how the company works to achieve customer satisfaction, works together as a total company effort, and has profit as an objective. The mission statement states: â€Å"The Tommy Hilfiger Corporation is dedicated to living the spirit of the American Dream. We believe†¦the spirit of the youth is our greatest inspiration. Resourcefulness is the key to value and excellence in making quality a priority of our lives and our products. By respecting one another we can reach all cultures and communities. By being bold in our vision we continually expand our boundaries. Live the Tommy Spirit,† (www.tommy.com). Industry: Tommy Hilfiger competes in the consumer products manufacturers industry. The consumer products manufacturers are companies that design, manufacture, and/or market apparel, cleaning products, hand and power tools, home furniture, housewares, linens, and consumer electronics and appliances. Furthermore, Tommy Girl Cologne is in the personal care industry. The personal care industry is made up of companies that manufacture and/or market personal care products, including cosmetics, fragrances, and razors. Markets: Tommy Girl C... Free Essays on Tommy Girl Cologne Marketing Campaign Free Essays on Tommy Girl Cologne Marketing Campaign Tommy Hilfiger has revolutionized the fashion world from his men’s and women’s sportswear and denim wear to his athletic wear to his children’s wear to his accessories. It was no surprise to the fashion industry when Tommy introduced his fragrances, belts, bedding, home furnishings, and cosmetics. Through extensive marketing Tommy Hilfiger’s products have flown off the shelves. In this paper I will look at one particular Tommy product: Tommy Girl Cologne the 1.7 fluid ounce bottles. I will explain all the facets of the Tommy Girl marketing campaign. Marketing Oriented: Tommy Hilfiger uses a marketing orientation because the company follows the marketing concept. It aims all of its efforts at satisfy its customers- at a profit. The Tommy Hilfiger Corporation mission statement explains how the company works to achieve customer satisfaction, works together as a total company effort, and has profit as an objective. The mission statement states: â€Å"The Tommy Hilfiger Corporation is dedicated to living the spirit of the American Dream. We believe†¦the spirit of the youth is our greatest inspiration. Resourcefulness is the key to value and excellence in making quality a priority of our lives and our products. By respecting one another we can reach all cultures and communities. By being bold in our vision we continually expand our boundaries. Live the Tommy Spirit,† (www.tommy.com). Industry: Tommy Hilfiger competes in the consumer products manufacturers industry. The consumer products manufacturers are companies that design, manufacture, and/or market apparel, cleaning products, hand and power tools, home furniture, housewares, linens, and consumer electronics and appliances. Furthermore, Tommy Girl Cologne is in the personal care industry. The personal care industry is made up of companies that manufacture and/or market personal care products, including cosmetics, fragrances, and razors. Markets: Tommy Girl C...

Definition of Sharecropping

Definition of Sharecropping Sharecropping was a system of agriculture instituted in the American South during the period of Reconstruction after the Civil War. It essentially replaced the plantation system which had relied on slave labor and effectively created a new system of bondage. Under the system of sharecropping, a poor farmer who did not own land would work a plot belonging to a landowner. The farmer would receive a share of the harvest as payment. So while the former slave was technically free, he would still find himself bound to the land, which was often the very same land he had farmed while enslaved. And in practice, the newly freed slave faced a life of extremely limited economic opportunity. Generally speaking, sharecropping doomed freed slaves to a life of poverty. And the system of sharecropping, in actual practice, doomed generations of American in the South to an impoverished existence in an economically stunted region. Beginning of the Sharecropping System Following the elimination of slavery, the plantation system in the South could no longer exist. Landowners, such as cotton planters who had owned vast plantations, had to face a new economic reality. They may have owned vast amounts of land, but they did not have the labor to work it, and they did not have the money to hire farm workers. The millions of freed slaves also had to face a new way of life. Though freed from bondage, they had to cope with numerous problems in the post-slavery economy. Many freed slaves were illiterate, and all they knew was farm work. And they were unfamiliar with the concept of working for wages. Indeed, with freedom, many former slaves aspired to become independent farmers owning land. And such aspirations were fueled by rumors that the U.S. government would help them get a start as farmers with a promise of forty acres and a mule. In reality, former slaves were seldom able to establish themselves as independent farmers. And as plantation owners broke up their estates into smaller farms, many former slaves became sharecroppers on the land of their former masters. How Sharecropping Worked In a typical situation, a landowner would supply a farmer and his family with a house, which may have been a shack previously used as a slave cabin. The landowner would also supply seeds, farming tools, and other necessary materials. The cost of such items would later be deducted from anything the farmer earned. Much of the farming done as sharecropping was essentially the same type of labor-intensive cotton farming which had been done under slavery. At harvest time, the crop was taken by the landowner to market and sold. From the money received, the landowner would first deduct the cost of seeds and any other supplies. The proceeds of what was left would be split between the landowner and the farmer. In a typical scenario, the farmer would receive half, though sometimes the share given to the farmer would be less. In such a situation, the farmer, or sharecropper, was essentially powerless. And if the harvest was bad, the sharecropper could actually wind up in debt to the landowner. Such debts were virtually impossible to overcome, so sharecropping often created situations where farmers were locked into a life of poverty. Sharecropping is thus often known as slavery by another name, or debt slavery. Some sharecroppers, if they had successful harvests and managed to accumulate enough cash, could become tenant farmers, which was considered a higher status. A tenant farmer rented land from a landowner and had more control over how the management of his farming. However, tenant farmers also tended to be mired in poverty. Economic Effects of Sharecropping While the sharecropping system arose from the devastation following the Civil War and was a response to an urgent situation, it became a permanent situation in the South. And over the span of decades, it was not beneficial for southern agriculture. One negative effect of sharecropping was that it tended to create a one-crop economy. Landowners tended to want sharecroppers to plant and harvest cotton, as that was the crop with the most value, and the lack of crop rotation tended to exhaust the soil. There were also severe economic problems as the price of cotton fluctuated. Very good profits could be made in cotton if the conditions and weather were favorable. But it tended to be speculative. By the end of the 19th century, the price of cotton had dropped considerably. In 1866 cotton prices were in the range of 43 cents a pound, and by the 1880s and 1890s, it never went above 10 cents a pound. At the same time that the price of cotton was dropping, farms in the South were being carved up into smaller and smaller plots. All these conditions contributed to widespread poverty. And for most freed slaves, the system of sharecropping and the resulting poverty meant their dream of operating their own farm could never be achieved. The system of sharecropping endured beyond the late 1800s. For the early decades of the 20th century it was still in effect in parts of the American South. The cycle of economic misery created by sharecropping did not fully fade away the era of the Great Depression. Sources: Sharecropping.  Gale Encyclopedia of U.S. Economic History, edited by Thomas Carson and Mary Bonk, vol. 2, Gale, 2000, pp. 912-913.  Gale Virtual Reference Library. Hyde, Samuel C., Jr. Sharecropping and Tenant Farming.  Americans at War, edited by John P. Resch, vol. 2: 1816-1900, Macmillan Reference USA, 2005, pp. 156-157.  Gale Virtual Reference Library.

Effect of Reward Management on Employee's Turnover Intention Essay

Effect of Reward Management on Employee's Turnover Intention - Essay Example Reward management strategies are implemented by organizational managers throughout the world in an effort to grab the attention of employees for the purpose of recruitment and subsequently retain the best of the employees thereby enhancing their job satisfaction level and enabling them to improve their performance consistently. The requirement for ensuring consistent performance influences HR managers to design rewards in such a way that they motivate employees to give their optimum effort in order to achieve both organizational as well as their personal objectives (Baumruk, 2009).2.2.  Financial Rewards Financial rewards are monetary benefit or incentives that are provided by organizations to their employees in addition to their regular compensation as a means to motivate the individuals to improve their performance and hence make a positive contribution towards the overall productivity of the organization. These rewards are generally distributed on the basis of performance delive red by an individual and are extrinsic in nature. Financial rewards includes payment hikes, annual or half yearly bonuses of increased paid holidays that come under an organization’s reward management scheme designed in order to enhance the engagement level of employees to towards the organization (Armstrong, 2010).   2.3.  Material Rewards or BenefitsMaterial compensations are incentives that are distributed by employers with the underlying aim of securing or improving the financial status of the employees.