Church And State Battles Essays - Archbishops Of Canterbury

Church And State Battles During the Middle Ages, church and state leaders had many battles. Some who were involved were Holy Roman Emperor Heinrich IV and Pope Gregory VIII; King II and Archbishop Thomas Becket; King Philip IV and Pope Boniface VIII. Their situations were all related by the fact that they were all controversies between an emperor or king and the Catholic church. The Holy Roman Emperor Heinrich (Henry) IV and Pope Gregory VIII's struggle was centered on by investiture. Henry invested many bishops at his own will even though Gregory had banned investiture by laity. Henry felt his investiture of bishops was necessary to the control of his kingdom, so he kept on doing it. Gregory responded to this by excommunicating Henry. Henry later apologized and received the Pope's forgiveness. Out of humiliation, he chased Gregory out of Rome and elected a new pope. King Henry II made his close and dear friend Thomas Becket Archbishop of Canterbury in hopes that since he and his friend were so close, Becket would give some power over the Church to Henry. Instead, Becket refused to do Henry's bidding and became a fierce champion of the independence and rights of the church. In 1170, Becket was killed during a church mass by four of Henry's knights. Henry surrendered to the Pope, who threatened him with excommunication. Thomas Becket was later named a saint and is a symbol of the struggle between church and state. Pope Boniface VIII believed that the Pope, whomever he may be, was always in higher power than the reigning king or emperor. Boniface issued a bull saying kings could not tax clergy, yet King Philip IV kept on taxing the Church. Boniface issued yet another bull titled the Unam Sanctum which stated that there were two powers in the universe: earthly (kings, emperors, etc.) and spiritual (God) and that spiritual is always higher than earthly. Since he represented God, Boniface said he had more power than Philip, but Philip just ignored Boniface's bull yet once more. Before Boniface could excommunicate Philip, Philip's soldiers kidnapped Boniface from his palace in Anagni in 1803. The people of Anagni eventually saved Boniface, but the Pope was so shocked, he soon died. As one can see, all these situations are closely tied together. They may have involved different people, but they all revolved around one thing. A controversy between church and state.

Week One Written Assignment Essays

Week One Written Assignment Essays Week One Written Assignment Essay Week One Written Assignment Essay Week One Written Assignment Shereka Pierce Mat 126 Elizabeth Stepp December 6, 2011 We have been learning how to develop our skills, in speaking, reading, and writing the English language. Did you know that when we were in math class, we were also learning how to speak, read, and write the language of mathematics? Mathematics uses numbers and number systems instead of the alphabet, but its also a language: a language of patterns and symbols. Mathematics can help you recognize, understand, describe and identify changes in patterns. Problem35. A person hired a firm to build a CB radio tower. The firm charges $100 for labor for the first 10 feet. After that, the cost of the labor for each succeeding 10 feet is $25 more than the preceding 10 feet. That is, the next 10 feet will cost $125, the next 10 feet will cost $150, etc. How much will it cost to build a 90-foot tower? Here is how we think about it: We see that there is a new price every ten feet as they build the tower. After that the cost of the labor for each succeeding 10 feet is $25 more than the preceding 10 feet. That is, the next 10 feet will cost $125, the next 10 feet will cost $150, etc. How much will it cost to build a 90-foot tower? n= the number of terms altogether n=9 d= the common difference d=25 a1= the first term a1=100 aN= the last term aN=a9 (yet to be computed) Next, we need to compute what a9 is. The next step is to find the nth term of the sequence, or the 9th term in this case. aN=a1+(n-1)d a9=100+(9-1)25 a9=100+(8)25 a9=100+200 9=300 Now that we know what a9 is, we need to know what the sum of the sequence is from a1 to a9. The next step is to find the answer to this question. Sn= n(a1+a9)/2 S9= 9(100+300)/2 S9= 9(400)/2 S9=3600/2 S9=1800 Problem 37 A person deposited $500 in a savings account that pays 5% annual interest that is compounded yearly. At the end of 10 years, how much money will be in the savings account? Here is how we think about it: Each year 5% of the balance is added to the balance, that would look like: B+ (. 03)B B(1+. 05) B(1. 05) In other words each year the existing balance is multiplied by 1. 05. First, we need to identify the following numbers: n= the number of terms n=10 r= the common ratio r=1. 05 a1= the first term a1=500(1. 05)=525, the balance at the end of the first year, thus a1. In a savings account, the total balances at the end of each year form the sequence, so we dont need to add up all the terms in the sequence. We just need to find out what the balance is at the end of 10 years, so we are looking for the value of a10. The next step is to find the balance in the savings account at the end of 10 years. aN=a1(rN-1) a10=525(1. 05) 9 a10=525(4961. 25) a10=2,604,656. 25 Thus, the balance in the savings account at the end of 10 years is $2,604,656. 25. In this conclusion I will tell you how I got my answer. For example, the first thing that I did was figure out which numbers go where n=9 that is the total of terms altogether d=25 that is the common difference a1= the first term and aN= the last term. The next thing that I did was igure out which numbers go where as stated earlier I took the one hundred added it with eight multiplied twenty-five then, the next step is to add one hundred plus two hundred and I got three hundred. The next step is to figure out the sequence is. The next step is to Sn=9 is n plus S9= nine multiplied by one hundred plus three hundred divided by two. The answer is nine multiplied by four hundred divided by two. The next step is to divide three thousand into two and you get 1800 . The next problem stated earlier is I have to find out how much money will be in the savings account in ten years. The first thing that I do is breakdown the percentage into decimal which I do by taking the percent and dropping the percent sign and changing it to a decimal like I did earlier then I multiply $1. 05 by $500 and I get $525. Then I figure out what the sequence of the next step by figuring out what a10 is by multiplying five twenty five times one point five to the ninth power to get $2,604,656. 25. References Bluman, A. G. (2005). Mathematics in our world. (Ashford University Custom Edition). United States: McGraw-Hill.